# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Licensed under a 3-clause BSD style license - see LICENSE.rst

from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function,
                        unicode_literals)

"""
This includes tests for the Distance class and related calculations
"""

import numpy as np
from numpy import testing as npt

from ...tests.helper import pytest
from ... import units as u
from .. import Longitude, Latitude, Distance, CartesianRepresentation
from ..builtin_frames import ICRS, Galactic

try:
    import scipy  # pylint: disable=W0611
except ImportError:
    HAS_SCIPY = False
else:
    HAS_SCIPY = True


def test_distances():
    """
    Tests functionality for Coordinate class distances and cartesian
    transformations.
    """

    '''
    Distances can also be specified, and allow for a full 3D definition of a
    coordinate.
    '''

    #try all the different ways to initialize a Distance
    distance = Distance(12, u.parsec)
    Distance(40, unit=u.au)
    Distance(value=5, unit=u.kpc)

    # need to provide a unit
    with pytest.raises(u.UnitsError):
        Distance(12)

    # standard units are pre-defined
    npt.assert_allclose(distance.lyr, 39.138765325702551)
    npt.assert_allclose(distance.km, 370281309776063.0)

    # Coordinate objects can be assigned a distance object, giving them a full
    # 3D position
    c = Galactic(l=158.558650*u.degree, b=-43.350066*u.degree,
                 distance=Distance(12, u.parsec))

    #or initialize distances via redshifts - this is actually tested in the
    #function below that checks for scipy. This is kept here as an example
    #c.distance = Distance(z=0.2)  # uses current cosmology
    #with whatever your preferred cosmology may be
    #c.distance = Distance(z=0.2, cosmology=WMAP5)


    # Coordinate objects can be initialized with a distance using special
    # syntax
    c1 = Galactic(l=158.558650*u.deg, b=-43.350066*u.deg, distance=12 * u.kpc)

    # Coordinate objects can be instantiated with cartesian coordinates
    # Internally they will immediately be converted to two angles + a distance
    cart = CartesianRepresentation(x=2 * u.pc, y=4 * u.pc, z=8 * u.pc)
    c2 = Galactic(cart)

    sep12 = c1.separation_3d(c2)
    # returns a *3d* distance between the c1 and c2 coordinates
    # not that this does *not*
    assert isinstance(sep12, Distance)
    npt.assert_allclose(sep12.pc, 12005.784163916317, 10)

    '''
    All spherical coordinate systems with distances can be converted to
    cartesian coordinates.
    '''

    cartrep2 = c2.cartesian
    assert isinstance(cartrep2.x, u.Quantity)
    npt.assert_allclose(cartrep2.x.value, 2)
    npt.assert_allclose(cartrep2.y.value, 4)
    npt.assert_allclose(cartrep2.z.value, 8)

    # with no distance, the unit sphere is assumed when converting to cartesian
    c3 = Galactic(l=158.558650*u.degree, b=-43.350066*u.degree, distance=None)
    unitcart = c3.cartesian
    npt.assert_allclose(((unitcart.x**2 + unitcart.y**2 +
                          unitcart.z**2)**0.5).value, 1.0)

    # TODO: choose between these when CartesianRepresentation gets a definite
    # decision on whether or not it gets __add__
    #
    # CartesianRepresentation objects can be added and subtracted, which are
    # vector/elementwise they can also be given as arguments to a coordinate
    # system
    #csum = ICRS(c1.cartesian + c2.cartesian)
    csumrep = CartesianRepresentation(c1.cartesian.xyz + c2.cartesian.xyz)
    csum = ICRS(csumrep)

    npt.assert_allclose(csumrep.x.value, -8.12016610185)
    npt.assert_allclose(csumrep.y.value, 3.19380597435)
    npt.assert_allclose(csumrep.z.value, -8.2294483707)
    npt.assert_allclose(csum.ra.degree, 158.529401774)
    npt.assert_allclose(csum.dec.degree, -43.3235825777)
    npt.assert_allclose(csum.distance.kpc, 11.9942200501)


@pytest.mark.skipif(str('not HAS_SCIPY'))
def test_distances_scipy():
    """
    The distance-related tests that require scipy due to the cosmology
    module needing scipy integration routines
    """
    from ...cosmology import WMAP5

    #try different ways to initialize a Distance
    d4 = Distance(z=0.23)  # uses default cosmology - as of writing, WMAP7
    npt.assert_allclose(d4.z, 0.23, rtol=1e-8)

    d5 = Distance(z=0.23, cosmology=WMAP5)
    npt.assert_allclose(d5.compute_z(WMAP5), 0.23, rtol=1e-8)

    d6 = Distance(z=0.23, cosmology=WMAP5, unit=u.km)
    npt.assert_allclose(d6.value, 3.5417046898762366e+22)


def test_distance_change():

    ra = Longitude("4:08:15.162342", unit=u.hour)
    dec = Latitude("-41:08:15.162342", unit=u.degree)
    c1 = ICRS(ra, dec, Distance(1, unit=u.kpc))

    oldx = c1.cartesian.x.value
    assert (oldx - 0.35284083171901953) < 1e-10

    #first make sure distances are immutible
    with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
        c1.distance = Distance(2, unit=u.kpc)

    #now x should increase with a bigger distance increases
    c2 = ICRS(ra, dec, Distance(2, unit=u.kpc))
    assert c2.cartesian.x.value == oldx * 2


def test_distance_is_quantity():
    """
    test that distance behaves like a proper quantity
    """

    Distance(2 * u.kpc)

    d = Distance([2, 3.1], u.kpc)

    assert d.shape == (2,)

    a = d.view(np.ndarray)
    q = d.view(u.Quantity)
    a[0] = 1.2
    q.value[1] = 5.4

    assert d[0].value == 1.2
    assert d[1].value == 5.4

    q = u.Quantity(d, copy=True)
    q.value[1] = 0
    assert q.value[1] == 0
    assert d.value[1] != 0

    # regression test against #2261
    d = Distance([2 * u.kpc, 250. * u.pc])
    assert d.unit is u.kpc
    assert np.all(d.value == np.array([2., 0.25]))


def test_distmod():

    d = Distance(10, u.pc)
    assert d.distmod.value == 0

    d = Distance(distmod=20)
    assert d.distmod.value == 20
    assert d.kpc == 100

    d = Distance(distmod=-1., unit=u.au)
    npt.assert_allclose(d.value, 1301442.9440836983)

    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        d = Distance(value=d, distmod=20)

    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        d = Distance(z=.23, distmod=20)

    #check the Mpc/kpc/pc behavior
    assert Distance(distmod=1).unit == u.pc
    assert Distance(distmod=11).unit == u.kpc
    assert Distance(distmod=26).unit == u.Mpc
    assert Distance(distmod=-21).unit == u.AU

    #if an array, uses the mean of the log of the distances
    assert Distance(distmod=[1, 11, 26]).unit == u.kpc



def test_distance_in_coordinates():
    """
    test that distances can be created from quantities and that cartesian
    representations come out right
    """

    ra = Longitude("4:08:15.162342", unit=u.hour)
    dec = Latitude("-41:08:15.162342", unit=u.degree)
    coo = ICRS(ra, dec, distance=2*u.kpc)

    cart = coo.cartesian

    assert isinstance(cart.xyz, u.Quantity)


def test_negative_distance():
    """ Test optional kwarg allow_negative """

    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        Distance([-2, 3.1], u.kpc)

    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        Distance([-2, -3.1], u.kpc)

    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        Distance(-2, u.kpc)

    d = Distance(-2, u.kpc, allow_negative=True)
    assert d.value == -2


def test_distance_comparison():
    """Ensure comparisons of distances work (#2206, #2250)"""
    a = Distance(15*u.kpc)
    b = Distance(15*u.kpc)
    assert a == b
    c = Distance(1.*u.Mpc)
    assert a < c


def test_distance_to_quantity_when_not_units_of_length():
    """Any operatation that leaves units other than those of length
    should turn a distance into a quantity (#2206, #2250)"""
    d = Distance(15*u.kpc)
    twice = 2.*d
    assert isinstance(twice, Distance)
    area = 4.*np.pi*d**2
    assert area.unit.is_equivalent(u.m**2)
    assert not isinstance(area, Distance)
    assert type(area) is u.Quantity
