import random
import torch
import torch.multiprocessing as multiprocessing
from torch._C import _set_worker_signal_handlers, _update_worker_pids, \
    _remove_worker_pids, _error_if_any_worker_fails
from . import SequentialSampler, RandomSampler, BatchSampler
import signal
import functools
import collections
import re
import sys
import threading
import traceback
import os
import time
from torch._six import string_classes, int_classes, FileNotFoundError

IS_WINDOWS = sys.platform == "win32"
if IS_WINDOWS:
    import ctypes
    from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD, BOOL, HANDLE

if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
    import Queue as queue
else:
    import queue


class ExceptionWrapper(object):
    r"""Wraps an exception plus traceback to communicate across threads"""

    def __init__(self, exc_info):
        self.exc_type = exc_info[0]
        self.exc_msg = "".join(traceback.format_exception(*exc_info))


_use_shared_memory = False
r"""Whether to use shared memory in default_collate"""

MANAGER_STATUS_CHECK_INTERVAL = 5.0

if IS_WINDOWS:
    # On Windows, the parent ID of the worker process remains unchanged when the manager process
    # is gone, and the only way to check it through OS is to let the worker have a process handle
    # of the manager and ask if the process status has changed.
    class ManagerWatchdog(object):
        def __init__(self):
            self.manager_pid = os.getppid()

            self.kernel32 = ctypes.WinDLL('kernel32', use_last_error=True)
            self.kernel32.OpenProcess.argtypes = (DWORD, BOOL, DWORD)
            self.kernel32.OpenProcess.restype = HANDLE
            self.kernel32.WaitForSingleObject.argtypes = (HANDLE, DWORD)
            self.kernel32.WaitForSingleObject.restype = DWORD

            # Value obtained from https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684880.aspx
            SYNCHRONIZE = 0x00100000
            self.manager_handle = self.kernel32.OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE, 0, self.manager_pid)

            if not self.manager_handle:
                raise ctypes.WinError(ctypes.get_last_error())

        def is_alive(self):
            # Value obtained from https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms687032.aspx
            return self.kernel32.WaitForSingleObject(self.manager_handle, 0) != 0
else:
    class ManagerWatchdog(object):
        def __init__(self):
            self.manager_pid = os.getppid()

        def is_alive(self):
            return os.getppid() == self.manager_pid


def _worker_loop(dataset, index_queue, data_queue, done_event, collate_fn, seed, init_fn, worker_id):
    global _use_shared_memory
    _use_shared_memory = True

    # Intialize C side signal handlers for SIGBUS and SIGSEGV. Python signal
    # module's handlers are executed after Python returns from C low-level
    # handlers, likely when the same fatal signal happened again already.
    # https://docs.python.org/3/library/signal.html Sec. 18.8.1.1
    _set_worker_signal_handlers()

    torch.set_num_threads(1)
    random.seed(seed)
    torch.manual_seed(seed)

    # Do not wait for putting thread to join when this worker exits. Otherwise,
    # this worker may always be waiting to put and doesn't check index_queue
    # and done_event for termination signal.
    data_queue.cancel_join_thread()

    if init_fn is not None:
        init_fn(worker_id)

    watchdog = ManagerWatchdog()

    while True:
        try:
            r = index_queue.get(timeout=MANAGER_STATUS_CHECK_INTERVAL)
        except queue.Empty:
            if watchdog.is_alive() and not done_event.is_set():
                continue
            else:
                break
        # use done_event so that we can get faster exiting signal even if there
        # are still indices in index_queue
        if r is None or done_event.is_set():
            break
        idx, batch_indices = r
        try:
            samples = collate_fn([dataset[i] for i in batch_indices])
        except Exception:
            data_queue.put((idx, ExceptionWrapper(sys.exc_info())))
        else:
            data_queue.put((idx, samples))
            del samples


def _pin_memory_loop(in_queue, out_queue, done_event, pin_memory, device_id):
    if pin_memory:
        torch.cuda.set_device(device_id)

    while True:
        try:
            r = in_queue.get()
        except Exception:
            if done_event.is_set():
                return
            raise
        if r is None or done_event.is_set():
            break
        if isinstance(r[1], ExceptionWrapper):
            out_queue.put(r)
            continue
        idx, batch = r
        try:
            if pin_memory:
                batch = pin_memory_batch(batch)
        except Exception:
            out_queue.put((idx, ExceptionWrapper(sys.exc_info())))
        else:
            out_queue.put((idx, batch))

numpy_type_map = {
    'float64': torch.DoubleTensor,
    'float32': torch.FloatTensor,
    'float16': torch.HalfTensor,
    'int64': torch.LongTensor,
    'int32': torch.IntTensor,
    'int16': torch.ShortTensor,
    'int8': torch.CharTensor,
    'uint8': torch.ByteTensor,
}


def default_collate(batch):
    r"""Puts each data field into a tensor with outer dimension batch size"""

    error_msg = "batch must contain tensors, numbers, dicts or lists; found {}"
    elem_type = type(batch[0])
    if isinstance(batch[0], torch.Tensor):
        out = None
        if _use_shared_memory:
            # If we're in a background process, concatenate directly into a
            # shared memory tensor to avoid an extra copy
            numel = sum([x.numel() for x in batch])
            storage = batch[0].storage()._new_shared(numel)
            out = batch[0].new(storage)
        return torch.stack(batch, 0, out=out)
    elif elem_type.__module__ == 'numpy' and elem_type.__name__ != 'str_' \
            and elem_type.__name__ != 'string_':
        elem = batch[0]
        if elem_type.__name__ == 'ndarray':
            # array of string classes and object
            if re.search('[SaUO]', elem.dtype.str) is not None:
                raise TypeError(error_msg.format(elem.dtype))

            return torch.stack([torch.from_numpy(b) for b in batch], 0)
        if elem.shape == ():  # scalars
            py_type = float if elem.dtype.name.startswith('float') else int
            return numpy_type_map[elem.dtype.name](list(map(py_type, batch)))
    elif isinstance(batch[0], int_classes):
        return torch.LongTensor(batch)
    elif isinstance(batch[0], float):
        return torch.DoubleTensor(batch)
    elif isinstance(batch[0], string_classes):
        return batch
    elif isinstance(batch[0], collections.Mapping):
        return {key: default_collate([d[key] for d in batch]) for key in batch[0]}
    elif isinstance(batch[0], collections.Sequence):
        transposed = zip(*batch)
        return [default_collate(samples) for samples in transposed]

    raise TypeError((error_msg.format(type(batch[0]))))


def pin_memory_batch(batch):
    if isinstance(batch, torch.Tensor):
        return batch.pin_memory()
    elif isinstance(batch, string_classes):
        return batch
    elif isinstance(batch, collections.Mapping):
        return {k: pin_memory_batch(sample) for k, sample in batch.items()}
    elif isinstance(batch, collections.Sequence):
        return [pin_memory_batch(sample) for sample in batch]
    else:
        return batch


_SIGCHLD_handler_set = False
r"""Whether SIGCHLD handler is set for DataLoader worker failures. Only one
handler needs to be set for all DataLoaders in a process."""


def _set_SIGCHLD_handler():
    # Windows doesn't support SIGCHLD handler
    if sys.platform == 'win32':
        return
    # can't set signal in child threads
    if not isinstance(threading.current_thread(), threading._MainThread):
        return
    global _SIGCHLD_handler_set
    if _SIGCHLD_handler_set:
        return
    previous_handler = signal.getsignal(signal.SIGCHLD)
    if not callable(previous_handler):
        previous_handler = None

    def handler(signum, frame):
        # This following call uses `waitid` with WNOHANG from C side. Therefore,
        # Python can still get and update the process status successfully.
        _error_if_any_worker_fails()
        if previous_handler is not None:
            previous_handler(signum, frame)

    signal.signal(signal.SIGCHLD, handler)
    _SIGCHLD_handler_set = True


class _DataLoaderIter(object):
    r"""Iterates once over the DataLoader's dataset, as specified by the sampler"""

    def __init__(self, loader):
        self.dataset = loader.dataset
        self.collate_fn = loader.collate_fn
        self.batch_sampler = loader.batch_sampler
        self.num_workers = loader.num_workers
        self.pin_memory = loader.pin_memory and torch.cuda.is_available()
        self.timeout = loader.timeout

        self.sample_iter = iter(self.batch_sampler)

        base_seed = torch.LongTensor(1).random_().item()

        if self.num_workers > 0:
            self.worker_init_fn = loader.worker_init_fn
            self.index_queues = [multiprocessing.Queue() for _ in range(self.num_workers)]
            self.worker_queue_idx = 0
            self.worker_result_queue = multiprocessing.Queue()
            self.batches_outstanding = 0
            self.worker_pids_set = False
            self.shutdown = False
            self.send_idx = 0
            self.rcvd_idx = 0
            self.reorder_dict = {}
            self.done_event = multiprocessing.Event()

            self.workers = [
                multiprocessing.Process(
                    target=_worker_loop,
                    args=(self.dataset, self.index_queues[i],
                          self.worker_result_queue, self.done_event,
                          self.collate_fn, base_seed + i,
                          self.worker_init_fn, i))
                for i in range(self.num_workers)]

            if self.pin_memory:
                self.data_queue = queue.Queue()
                self.pin_memory_thread = threading.Thread(
                    target=_pin_memory_loop,
                    args=(self.worker_result_queue, self.data_queue, self.done_event, self.pin_memory,
                          torch.cuda.current_device()))
                self.pin_memory_thread.daemon = True
                self.pin_memory_thread.start()
            else:
                self.data_queue = self.worker_result_queue

            for w in self.workers:
                w.daemon = True  # ensure that the worker exits on process exit
                w.start()

            _update_worker_pids(id(self), tuple(w.pid for w in self.workers))
            _set_SIGCHLD_handler()
            self.worker_pids_set = True

            # prime the prefetch loop
            for _ in range(2 * self.num_workers):
                self._put_indices()

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.batch_sampler)

    def _get_batch(self):
        if self.timeout > 0:
            try:
                return self.data_queue.get(timeout=self.timeout)
            except queue.Empty:
                raise RuntimeError('DataLoader timed out after {} seconds'.format(self.timeout))
        else:
            return self.data_queue.get()

    def __next__(self):
        if self.num_workers == 0:  # same-process loading
            indices = next(self.sample_iter)  # may raise StopIteration
            batch = self.collate_fn([self.dataset[i] for i in indices])
            if self.pin_memory:
                batch = pin_memory_batch(batch)
            return batch

        # check if the next sample has already been generated
        if self.rcvd_idx in self.reorder_dict:
            batch = self.reorder_dict.pop(self.rcvd_idx)
            return self._process_next_batch(batch)

        if self.batches_outstanding == 0:
            self._shutdown_workers()
            raise StopIteration

        while True:
            assert (not self.shutdown and self.batches_outstanding > 0)
            idx, batch = self._get_batch()
            self.batches_outstanding -= 1
            if idx != self.rcvd_idx:
                # store out-of-order samples
                self.reorder_dict[idx] = batch
                continue
            return self._process_next_batch(batch)

    next = __next__  # Python 2 compatibility

    def __iter__(self):
        return self

    def _put_indices(self):
        assert self.batches_outstanding < 2 * self.num_workers
        indices = next(self.sample_iter, None)
        if indices is None:
            return
        self.index_queues[self.worker_queue_idx].put((self.send_idx, indices))
        self.worker_queue_idx = (self.worker_queue_idx + 1) % self.num_workers
        self.batches_outstanding += 1
        self.send_idx += 1

    def _process_next_batch(self, batch):
        self.rcvd_idx += 1
        self._put_indices()
        if isinstance(batch, ExceptionWrapper):
            raise batch.exc_type(batch.exc_msg)
        return batch

    def __getstate__(self):
        # TODO: add limited pickling support for sharing an iterator
        # across multiple threads for HOGWILD.
        # Probably the best way to do this is by moving the sample pushing
        # to a separate thread and then just sharing the data queue
        # but signalling the end is tricky without a non-blocking API
        raise NotImplementedError("_DataLoaderIter cannot be pickled")

    def _shutdown_workers(self):
        if not self.shutdown:
            self.shutdown = True
            # removes pids from the C side data structure first so worker
            # termination afterwards won't trigger false positive error report.
            if self.worker_pids_set:
                _remove_worker_pids(id(self))
                self.worker_pids_set = False
            self.done_event.set()
            if self.pin_memory:
                # Sending `None` to `pin_memory_thread` must be before
                # stopping worker processes because the workers may leave
                # corrupted data in `worker_result_queue`, causing
                # `pin_memory_thread` unable to read and terminate properly.
                self.worker_result_queue.put(None)
            # Workers can't be waiting to put be cause their output queue
            # is a multiprocessing.Queue and its .put is non-blocking.
            # They can only be waiting to get, so we put `None` here.
            for q in self.index_queues:
                q.put(None)
            for w in self.workers:
                w.join()
            if self.pin_memory:
                self.pin_memory_thread.join()

    def __del__(self):
        if self.num_workers > 0:
            self._shutdown_workers()


class DataLoader(object):
    r"""
    Data loader. Combines a dataset and a sampler, and provides
    single- or multi-process iterators over the dataset.

    Arguments:
        dataset (Dataset): dataset from which to load the data.
        batch_size (int, optional): how many samples per batch to load
            (default: 1).
        shuffle (bool, optional): set to ``True`` to have the data reshuffled
            at every epoch (default: False).
        sampler (Sampler, optional): defines the strategy to draw samples from
            the dataset. If specified, ``shuffle`` must be False.
        batch_sampler (Sampler, optional): like sampler, but returns a batch of
            indices at a time. Mutually exclusive with batch_size, shuffle,
            sampler, and drop_last.
        num_workers (int, optional): how many subprocesses to use for data
            loading. 0 means that the data will be loaded in the main process.
            (default: 0)
        collate_fn (callable, optional): merges a list of samples to form a mini-batch.
        pin_memory (bool, optional): If ``True``, the data loader will copy tensors
            into CUDA pinned memory before returning them.
        drop_last (bool, optional): set to ``True`` to drop the last incomplete batch,
            if the dataset size is not divisible by the batch size. If ``False`` and
            the size of dataset is not divisible by the batch size, then the last batch
            will be smaller. (default: False)
        timeout (numeric, optional): if positive, the timeout value for collecting a batch
            from workers. Should always be non-negative. (default: 0)
        worker_init_fn (callable, optional): If not None, this will be called on each
            worker subprocess with the worker id (an int in ``[0, num_workers - 1]``) as
            input, after seeding and before data loading. (default: None)

    .. note:: By default, each worker will have its PyTorch seed set to
              ``base_seed + worker_id``, where ``base_seed`` is a long generated
              by main process using its RNG. However, seeds for other libraies
              may be duplicated upon initializing workers (w.g., NumPy), causing
              each worker to return identical random numbers. (See
              :ref:`dataloader-workers-random-seed` section in FAQ.) You may
              use ``torch.initial_seed()`` to access the PyTorch seed for each
              worker in :attr:`worker_init_fn`, and use it to set other seeds
              before data loading.

    .. warning:: If ``spawn`` start method is used, :attr:`worker_init_fn` cannot be an
                 unpicklable object, e.g., a lambda function.
    """

    __initialized = False

    def __init__(self, dataset, batch_size=1, shuffle=False, sampler=None, batch_sampler=None,
                 num_workers=0, collate_fn=default_collate, pin_memory=False, drop_last=False,
                 timeout=0, worker_init_fn=None):
        self.dataset = dataset
        self.batch_size = batch_size
        self.num_workers = num_workers
        self.collate_fn = collate_fn
        self.pin_memory = pin_memory
        self.drop_last = drop_last
        self.timeout = timeout
        self.worker_init_fn = worker_init_fn

        if timeout < 0:
            raise ValueError('timeout option should be non-negative')

        if batch_sampler is not None:
            if batch_size > 1 or shuffle or sampler is not None or drop_last:
                raise ValueError('batch_sampler option is mutually exclusive '
                                 'with batch_size, shuffle, sampler, and '
                                 'drop_last')
            self.batch_size = None
            self.drop_last = None

        if sampler is not None and shuffle:
            raise ValueError('sampler option is mutually exclusive with '
                             'shuffle')

        if self.num_workers < 0:
            raise ValueError('num_workers option cannot be negative; '
                             'use num_workers=0 to disable multiprocessing.')

        if batch_sampler is None:
            if sampler is None:
                if shuffle:
                    sampler = RandomSampler(dataset)
                else:
                    sampler = SequentialSampler(dataset)
            batch_sampler = BatchSampler(sampler, batch_size, drop_last)

        self.sampler = sampler
        self.batch_sampler = batch_sampler
        self.__initialized = True

    def __setattr__(self, attr, val):
        if self.__initialized and attr in ('batch_size', 'sampler', 'drop_last'):
            raise ValueError('{} attribute should not be set after {} is '
                             'initialized'.format(attr, self.__class__.__name__))

        super(DataLoader, self).__setattr__(attr, val)

    def __iter__(self):
        return _DataLoaderIter(self)

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.batch_sampler)
