
                                   fmove 



Function

   Interactive mixed method parsimony

Description

   Interactive construction of phylogenies from discrete character data
   with two states (0 and 1). Evaluates parsimony and compatibility
   criteria for those phylogenies and displays reconstructed states
   throughout the tree. This can be used to find parsimony or
   compatibility estimates by hand.

Algorithm

   MOVE is an interactive parsimony program, inspired by Wayne Maddison
   and David Maddison's marvellous program MacClade, which is written for
   Apple Macintosh computers. MOVE reads in a data set which is prepared
   in almost the same format as one for the mixed method parsimony
   program MIX. It allows the user to choose an initial tree, and
   displays this tree on the screen. The user can look at different
   characters and the way their states are distributed on that tree,
   given the most parsimonious reconstruction of state changes for that
   particular tree. The user then can specify how the tree is to be
   rearraranged, rerooted or written out to a file. By looking at
   different rearrangements of the tree the user can manually search for
   the most parsimonious tree, and can get a feel for how different
   characters are affected by changes in the tree topology.

   This program is compatible with fewer computer systems than the other
   programs in PHYLIP. It can be adapted to MSDOS systems or to any
   system whose screen or terminals emulate DEC VT100 terminals (such as
   Telnet programs for logging in to remote computers over a TCP/IP
   network, VT100-compatible windows in the X windowing system, and any
   terminal compatible with ANSI standard terminals). For any other
   screen types, there is a generic option which does not make use of
   screen graphics characters to display the character states. This will
   be less effective, as the states will be less easy to see when
   displayed.

   MOVE uses as its numerical criterion the Wagner and Camin-Sokal
   parsimony methods in mixture, where each character can have its method
   specified separately. The program defaults to carrying out Wagner
   parsimony.

   The Camin-Sokal parsimony method explains the data by assuming that
   changes 0 --> 1 are allowed but not changes 1 --> 0. Wagner parsimony
   allows both kinds of changes. (This under the assumption that 0 is the
   ancestral state, though the program allows reassignment of the
   ancestral state, in which case we must reverse the state numbers 0 and
   1 throughout this discussion). The criterion is to find the tree which
   requires the minimum number of changes. The Camin- Sokal method is due
   to Camin and Sokal (1965) and the Wagner method to Eck and Dayhoff
   (1966) and to Kluge and Farris (1969).

   Here are the assumptions of these two methods:
    1. Ancestral states are known (Camin-Sokal) or unknown (Wagner).
    2. Different characters evolve independently.
    3. Different lineages evolve independently.
    4. Changes 0 --> 1 are much more probable than changes 1 --> 0
       (Camin-Sokal) or equally probable (Wagner).
    5. Both of these kinds of changes are a priori improbable over the
       evolutionary time spans involved in the differentiation of the
       group in question.
    6. Other kinds of evolutionary event such as retention of
       polymorphism are far less probable than 0 --> 1 changes.
    7. Rates of evolution in different lineages are sufficiently low that
       two changes in a long segment of the tree are far less probable
       than one change in a short segment.

   That these are the assumptions of parsimony methods has been
   documented in a series of papers of mine: (1973a, 1978b, 1979, 1981b,
   1983b, 1988b). For an opposing view arguing that the parsimony methods
   make no substantive assumptions such as these, see the papers by
   Farris (1983) and Sober (1983a, 1983b), but also read the exchange
   between Felsenstein and Sober (1986).

Usage

   Here is a sample session with fmove


% fmove 
Interactive mixed method parsimony
Phylip character discrete states file: move.dat
phylip tree file (optional): 
NEXT? (R # + - S . T U W O F H J K L C ? X Q) (? for Help): Q
Do you want to write out the tree to a file? (Y or N): Y

 5 species,   6 characters

Wagner parsimony method


Computing steps needed for compatibility in characters...


(unrooted)                    8.0 Steps             4 chars compatible

  ,-----------5:Epsilon
--9
  !  ,--------4:Delta
  `--8
     !  ,-----3:Gamma
     `--7
        !  ,--2:Beta
        `--6
           `--1:Alpha


Tree written to file "move.treefile"


   Go to the input files for this example
   Go to the output files for this example

Command line arguments

   Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers:
  [-infile]            discretestates File containing data set
  [-intreefile]        tree       phylip tree file (optional)

   Additional (Optional) qualifiers:
   -weights            properties Weights file
   -ancfile            properties Ancestral states file
   -factorfile         properties Factors file
   -method             menu       [Wagner] Choose the method to use (Values: w
                                  (Wagner); c (Camin-Sokal); m (Mixed))
   -outgrno            integer    [0] Species number to use as outgroup
                                  (Integer 0 or more)
   -threshold          float      [$(infile.discretesize)] Threshold value
                                  (Number 0.000 or more)
   -initialtree        menu       [Arbitary] Initial tree (Values: a
                                  (Arbitary); u (User); s (Specify))
   -screenwidth        integer    [80] Width of terminal screen in characters
                                  (Any integer value)
   -screenlines        integer    [24] Number of lines on screen (Any integer
                                  value)
   -outtreefile        outfile    [*.fmove] Phylip tree output file (optional)

   Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers: (none)
   Associated qualifiers:

   "-outtreefile" associated qualifiers
   -odirectory         string     Output directory

   General qualifiers:
   -auto               boolean    Turn off prompts
   -stdout             boolean    Write standard output
   -filter             boolean    Read standard input, write standard output
   -options            boolean    Prompt for standard and additional values
   -debug              boolean    Write debug output to program.dbg
   -verbose            boolean    Report some/full command line options
   -help               boolean    Report command line options. More
                                  information on associated and general
                                  qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose
   -warning            boolean    Report warnings
   -error              boolean    Report errors
   -fatal              boolean    Report fatal errors
   -die                boolean    Report dying program messages

Input file format

   The fmove input data file is set up almost identically to the data
   files for MIX.

  Input files for usage example

  File: move.dat

     5    6
Alpha     110110
Beta      110000
Gamma     100110
Delta     001001
Epsilon   001110

Output file format

   fmove outputs a graph to the specified graphics device. outputs a
   report format file. The default format is ...

  Output files for usage example

  File: move.treefile

   (Epsilon,(Delta,(Gamma,(Beta,Alpha))));

Data files

   None

Notes

   None.

References

   None.

Warnings

   None.

Diagnostic Error Messages

   None.

Exit status

   It always exits with status 0.

Known bugs

   None.

See also

   Program name                Description
   eclique      Largest clique program
   edollop      Dollo and polymorphism parsimony algorithm
   edolpenny    Penny algorithm Dollo or polymorphism
   efactor      Multistate to binary recoding program
   emix         Mixed parsimony algorithm
   epenny       Penny algorithm, branch-and-bound
   fclique      Largest clique program
   fdollop      Dollo and polymorphism parsimony algorithm
   fdolpenny    Penny algorithm Dollo or polymorphism
   ffactor      Multistate to binary recoding program
   fmix         Mixed parsimony algorithm
   fpars        Discrete character parsimony
   fpenny       Penny algorithm, branch-and-bound

Author(s)

   This program is an EMBOSS conversion of a program written by Joe
   Felsenstein as part of his PHYLIP package.

   Although we take every care to ensure that the results of the EMBOSS
   version are identical to those from the original package, we recommend
   that you check your inputs give the same results in both versions
   before publication.

   Please report all bugs in the EMBOSS version to the EMBOSS bug team,
   not to the original author.

History

   Written (2004) - Joe Felsenstein, University of Washington.

   Converted (August 2004) to an EMBASSY program by the EMBOSS team.

Target users

   This program is intended to be used by everyone and everything, from
   naive users to embedded scripts.
